What are sexually transmitted diseases?
The sexually transmitted diseases
(STD) are a group of communicable diseases caused by a wide range of bacterial,
viral, protozoan and fungal infections transferred predominantly through sexual
contact. Commonly occurring STDs in Bangladesh are Gonococcal arthritis, Non-gonococcal
arthritis, Syphilis, Chlamydiosis, Cancroids, Genital herpes.
Route of transmission:
1. Sexual intercourse.
2. Kissing or touching of
an infected person.
3. Direct contact with
infected secretions in the birth canal during delivery, e.g. ophthalmia
neonatorum.
4. Fomities such as shared
damp towels.
5. via fresh blood, e.g. hepatitis
and Transfusion syphilis.
6. Via blood products or
contaminated needles e.g. Hepatitis, AIDS.
7. Contaminated fingers, e.g.
public lice.
Causes of increased incidence of STD:
1. Prostitution: The
prostitute acts as a reservoir of infection. The prostituant (male component of
prostitution) is equally important.
2. Broken families:
Children of broken families (due to death of one or both presents or their
separation) are frustrated and go to prostitutes.
3. Divorce or separation
or strained marriage life.
4. Easy money:
Prostitution provides an occupation for earning easy money.
5. Emotional immaturity of
teenagers.
6. Sub-normal
intelligence: low
7. Sexual disharmony.
8. Urbanization and
migration of people from rural to urban areas.
9. Industrialization and
growth of populous industrial areas with workers living away from families.
10. Population mobility:
long absence of sexual partner, e.g. tourists, migrant workers.
11. Greater sexual
encounter: More employment, more co-instructive schooling.
12. Changing behavioral
patterns: More frequent premarital and extra marital intercourse, sex freedom.
13. Homosexuality.
14. Economic factors: Rapid economic development, affluence and greater
prosperity.
15. Demographic factors: Population increase, higher student population,
more young people at risk.
16. Social stigma: Shyness__ patients feel shy to go to VD clinic, not
disclosing the source of control, giving a wrong address to avoid
identification, going to quacks for treatment, dropping out drugs before
treatment is complete.
17. Easy to get contraceptives. Oral
contraceptive’s use widespread.
18. low economic condition.
19. Misconception about VD: VD is considered as a symbol of maturity.
20. Alcoholism, as it may encores prostitution.
21. Availability of photograph, blue film, pornography etc.
22. Absence of healthy recreation facilities.
Risk of STDs:
1. Men aged 18-24 years.
2. Women aged 16-24 years.
3. Frequent travelers.
4. Prostitutes.
5. Armed services personnel.
6. Merchant seamen.
7. Entertainers.
8. Homosexual men with multiple partners.
Prevention & control of STD:
1. Early accurate diagnosis by screening, control tracing and cluster testing.
2. Case holding and effective treatment and close follow-up to ensure
cure.
3. Personal prophylaxis using contraceptives (e.g. condom, diaphragm),
vaccines etc.
4. Partner notification- the identification of potentially infected
partners and their treatment.
5. Screening- Certain groups of at-risk patients should be screened,
and routine blood donor and antenatal serological testing should continue.
6. Health and sex education on STDs.
7. Support services: STD clinic, Primary healthcare, Laboratory services for diagnosis, Marriage counseling.
7. Support services: STD clinic, Primary healthcare, Laboratory services for diagnosis, Marriage counseling.
Subscribe to:
Post Comments
(
Atom
)
I have ordered Zithromax safely & securely from http://medicinonline.net/
ReplyDeleteThis all is caused due to unhealthy routines and food intake of people. Stress and anxiety levels are increased due to depression and a disturbed mental health. Buy Etizolam and treat your mental health issues.
ReplyDelete